CMSI 3510: Operating Systems

CMSI 3510: Class Notes by Week

The following outline presents the topics that are covered, in the approximate order and time frame in which they will be discussed.

Week 01 — Introduction, Syllabus, Getting Started
1. Monday
  - Introduction and Syllabus
  - Tools you will use during the semester
  - Initial roll call and other sundries
  - Assignment Submissions - GitHub
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - More on tools
  - Development environments
  - Compiler installation
  - Basics of the C programming language
  - In-class Exercise: Compiler installation and checkout
  - In-class Exercise: Compiler installation and checkout
Week 02 — Project, Tools, and Let's Get Under Way
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - NO CLASS — MLK HOLIDAY!
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Virtual Machines – download and installation
  - Linux download and installation
  - Starting the meat: what *IS* an Operating System?
  - What is Middleware?
  - Multiple Computations on One Computer
  - Controlling the Interactions Between Computations
  - Supporting Interaction Across Time
  - Supporting Interaction Across Space
  - Security Issues
  - More about C
  - In-class Exercise: Practice with C
Week 03 — Threaded Execution
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - Threads of Execution
  - Example of Multithreaded Programs
  - Reasons for Using Concurrent Threads
  - Switching Between Threads
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Preemptive Multitasking
  - Security and Threads
  - Finish with Threads
  - In-class Exercise: Pointers, Sums, Averages, and Go Fish
Week 04 — Scheduling, Synchronizing, and Deadlock
1. Monday
  - Announcements: Homework #1 due Wednesday!
  - Scheduling introduction
  - Thread States
  - Scheduling Goals
    - Throughput
    - Response Time
    - Urgency, Importance, and Resource Allocation
  - Fixed-priority scheduling
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Dynamic-Priority Scheduling
  - Earliest Deadline First Scheduling
  - Decay Usage Scheduling
  - Proportional-Share Scheduling
  - Security and Scheduling
  - In-class Exercise: Scheduler Simulation
Week 05 — Scheduling, Synchronizing, and Deadlock
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - Synchronization and Deadlocks
  - Races and the Need for Mutual Exclusion
  - Mutexes and Monitors
  - The Mutex Application Programing Interface
  - Monitors: A More Structured Interface to Mutexes
  - Underlying Mechanisms for Mutexes
  - Counting Mutexes
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Other Synchronization Patterns
  - Bounded Buffers
  - Readers/Writers Locks
  - Barriers
  - Condition Variables
  - Semaphores
  - In-class Exercise: Producer/Consumer Thread Simulation
Week 06 — Scheduling completed, Virtual Memory
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - The Deadlock Problem
  - Deadlock Prevention Through Resource Ordering
  - Ex Post Facto Deadlock Detection
  - Immediate Deadlock Detection
  - Interaction of Synchronization with Scheduling
  - Priority Inversion
  - The Convoy Phenomenon
  - Nonblocking Synchronization
  - Security and Synchronization
  - NEW TOPIC: Kernel Internal
    - What's actually IN Linux/Mac OS?
    - What's actually IN Windows OS?
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - ANOTHER NEW TOPIC: Virtual Memory
  - What *IS* Virtual Memory?
  - Uses for Virtual Memory
    - Private Storage
    - Controlled Sharing
    - Flexible Allocation
    - Sparse Address Spaces
    - Persistence
    - Demand-driven Program Loading
    - Efficient Zero Filling
    - Substituting Disk Storage for RAM
    - In-class Exercise: Virtual Memory Access Timing Simulation
Week 07 — Virtual Memory
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - Mechanisms for Virtual Memory
    - Software/Hardware Interface
    - Linear Page Tables
    - Multilevel Page Tables
    - Hashed Page Tables
    - Segmentation
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Policies for Virtual Memory
    - Fetch Policy
    - Placement Policy
    - Replacement Policy
  - Security and Virtual Memory
  - In-class Exercise: Virtual Memory Page Access Simulation
Week 08 — NO CLASS – SPRING BREAK
1. ALL WEEK — you've worked hard, take the full week!
2. No in-class exercise this week, obviously…
Week 09 — Processes and Protection
1. Monday
  - Announcements: Homework #2 due Wednesday!
  - Why Protect Processes?
  - POSIX Process Management API
  - Protecting Memory
  - Foundations: Two Processor Modes
  - Mainstream: Multiple Address Space Systems
  - Alternative: Single Address Space Systems
  - Access Rights
  - Fundamentals
  - Capabilities
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Access Control Lists
  - Credentials
  - Alternative Granularities of Protection
  - Protection Within a Process
  - Protection of Entire Simulated Machines
  - Security and Protection
  - SCRUM: Status updates
  - In-class Exercise: Command Line Process Spawning
Week 10 — File Systems 1
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - What is a file system?
  - Disk Storage Technology .
  - POSIX File API
    - File Descriptors
    - Mapping Files Into Virtual Memory
    - Reading and Writing Files at Specified Positions
    - Sequential Reading and Writing
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Disk Space Allocation
    - Fragmentation
    - Locality
    - Allocation Policies and Mechanisms
    - Data Location Metadata
    - Access Control Metadata
    - Other Metadata types
Week 11 — Directories and Indexing
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - Directories and Indexing
    - File Directories Versus Database Indexes
    - Using Indexes to Locate Files
    - File Linking
    - Directory and Index Data Structures
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Google File System
  - Other File Systems
  - Networks and Internets
  - Protocol Layers
  - The Application Layer
    - The Web as a Typical Example
    - The Domain Name System: Application Layer as Infrastructure
    - Distributed File Systems: An Application Viewed Through Operating Systems
  - In-class Exercise: To Be Announced [TBA]
Week 12 — Kernel Stuff
1. Monday
  - Announcements
  - Kernel Mods and Additions
  - Kernel do's and don'ts
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Common Utilities Issues
  - In-class Exercise: To Be Announced
Week 13 — Project Group Work Day & Easter Break
1. MONDAY ONLY
  - Announcements — course evaluations!
  - Work in your project teams to polish off your kernel mod
  - NO CLASS WEDNESDAY ~ EASTER BREAK
  - No in-class exercise this week, obviously…
2. WEDNESDAY — EASTER BREAK BEGINS ~ NO CLASS
Week 14 — Networking & Internet
1. Monday
  - Announcements: Homework #3 due Wednesday!
  - Networks and Internets
  - Protocol Layers
2. Wednesday
  - Announcements
  - Packetizing
  - Message passing
  - Network Security
  - Virtual Private Networks
  - Types of Attacks
  - Malware
  - In-class Exercise: JokeServer
Week 15 — Project Work Day & Presentations/Demostrations
1. ALL WEEK
  - Announcements — course evaluations!
  - Monday ~ Project Work Day
  - Wednesday ~ Presentations of Projects: All Six Groups
  - Order of topics for presentations is near the top of the page for the week
  - Order of project presentations by group is there, too
Week 16 — Review For Final Exam
1. MONDAY & WEDNESDAY
  - Announcements — course evaluations!
  - Monday ~ Begin Review for Final Exam
2. WEDNESDAY
  - Wednesday ~ Continue Review for Final Exam
Week 17 — Final Exam
1. Monday
  - NO CLASS
2. Tuesday
  - The final exam will be on Tuesday, May 2nd, 2023 at 14:00 hours. That's 2:00 PM. Don't be late! The exam lasts two hours and if you aren't there on time you won't get the full time.
3. Wednesday
  - NO CLASS